京东比价项目开发实录：京东API接口（2025）-电子发烧友网

在电商开发的修罗场里摸爬滚打这些年，和京东商品详情API 接口的 “较量” 堪称一部跌宕起伏的奋斗史。从申请权限时的层层关卡，到数据解析时的各种 “暗礁”，今天就把这段实战经历掰开揉碎，配上亲测有效的代码，给大伙避避雷！

还记得第一次对接京东API，天真地以为和其他平台大同小异。结果光是申请开发者权限就碰了一鼻子灰 —— 京东对企业资质审核极为严格，营业执照、ICP 备案、应用场景说明反复修改了三轮，整整一周才收到通过通知。好不容易拿到App Key和App Secret，签名算法又成了拦路虎。京东采用的HMAC-SHA256加密方式，对参数拼接顺序、URL 编码要求近乎苛刻，稍有差错就返回10001签名错误。那段时间熬夜翻看官方文档、GitHub 示例，终于啃出了签名生成函数：

python

运行

import hashlib
import hmac
import time
import urllib.parse


def generate_signature(params, app_secret):
    sorted_params = sorted(params.items(), key=lambda x: x[0])
    query_str = ""
    for k, v in sorted_params:
        if isinstance(v, list):
            v = ",".join(map(str, v))
        query_str += f"{k}{v}"
    sign_str = f"{app_secret}{query_str}{app_secret}"
    return hmac.new(
        app_secret.encode('utf-8'),
        sign_str.encode('utf-8'),
        hashlib.sha256
    ).hexdigest().upper()


# 使用示例
api_params = {
    "method": "jd.union.open.goods.query",
    "app_key": "your_app_key",
    "keyword": "手机",
    "timestamp": str(int(time.time()))
}
signed_params = generate_signature(api_params, "your_app_secret")

解决了签名问题，新的 “坑” 接踵而至。京东对 API 调用频率限制十分严格，不同接口还有差异化限流策略。为了避免触发封禁，我用 Python 的asyncio结合信号量，实现了异步请求与限流控制：

python

运行

import asyncio
import aiohttp


class RateLimiter:
    def __init__(self, rate_limit):
        self.semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(rate_limit)

    async def limit(self):
        async with self.semaphore:
            yield


async def fetch_product_detail(session, sku_id, signed_params):
    async with RateLimiter(10).limit():
        url = "https://api.jd.com/routerjson"
        params = {**signed_params, "sku_id": sku_id}
        async with session.get(url, params=params) as response:
            return await response.json()


async def main(sku_ids, signed_params):
    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
        tasks = [fetch_product_detail(session, sku, signed_params) for sku in sku_ids]
        results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
        return results


# 示例调用
sku_ids = ["123456789", "987654321"]
signed_params = {...}  # 已签名参数
asyncio.run(main(sku_ids, signed_params))

python数据实例

"stock": {
            "skuId": "100031963708",
            "realSkuId": "100031963708",
            "ArrivalDate": "",
            "Drd": "",
            "sidDely": 182,
            "promiseResult": "20:00前付款，预计明天(07月02日)送达",
            "isJDexpress": false,
            "StockState": 33,
            "rn": -1,
            "code": 1,
            "weightValue": "0.055kg",
            "fxgCode": "0",
            "afsCode": 1,
            "ir": [
                {
                    "iconSrc": "京准达",
                    "iconTip": "选择京准达服务，可指定精确时间点收货；若京东责任超时，即时赔付",
                    "helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
                    "iconCode": "sendpay_zhun",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "京准达",
                    "picUrl": "http://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/jfs/t3172/266/1698067915/1634/64a0c40e/57d25fcfNd9c62bb7.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 1
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "211限时达",
                    "iconTip": "上午下单，下午送达",
                    "helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/91-953.html",
                    "iconCode": "sendpay_211",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "211限时达",
                    "picUrl": "//static.360buyimg.com/item/assets/picon/zhongbiao.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 1
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "明日达",
                    "iconTip": "指定时间前下单，最快明日达",
                    "helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
                    "iconCode": "sendpay_nextday",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "明日达",
                    "picUrl": "//static.360buyimg.com/item/assets/picon/zhongbiao.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 1
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "预约送货",
                    "iconTip": "京东物流为该商品提供预约送货服务",
                    "helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
                    "iconCode": "service_yysh",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "预约送货",
                    "picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/116316/15/7402/1031/5ec22ca4E713f857c/dd49784b20933cf5.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 6
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "部分收货",
                    "iconTip": "如果收件人收货时发现部分货物存在缺少配件、物流损等情形，京东物流提供订单半收服务",
                    "helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
                    "iconCode": "service_bfsh",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "部分收货",
                    "picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/108073/34/18517/1071/5ec22ce0E11a3b1c5/f8ffea5f4cafa0f9.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 6
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "送货上门",
                    "iconTip": "京东快递为您提供送货上门服务",
                    "helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/254-4130.html",
                    "iconCode": "service_sssm",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "送货上门",
                    "picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/115738/37/12143/1066/5f0c7d11E4faee520/de3879572e2b2014.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 6
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "59元免基础运费",
                    "iconTip": "所选地址自营订单满59元免基础运费(20kg内)，超出重量加收1元/kg续重运费。",
                    "helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
                    "iconCode": "free_delivery_zhong",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "59元免基础运费",
                    "picUrl": "//static.360buyimg.com/item/assets/picon/mianyunfei.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 4
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "京东物流",
                    "iconTip": "京东物流为您提供仓配一体供应链服务",
                    "helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/list-81.html",
                    "iconCode": "service_jdwl",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "京东物流",
                    "picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/130756/9/11972/4289/5f8674d3Eabfebbef/bb964241bd789a72.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 4
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "7天价保",
                    "iconTip": "在下单或签收7天内，商品出现降价可享受价保服务，部分特殊场景不支持价保，可点击”>"了解详细规则",
                    "helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/291-548.html",
                    "iconCode": "service_guominwuyou",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "7天价保",
                    "picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/85923/26/10113/3475/5e144da1Ef978a914/d3d44f85b4221cf6.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 3
                },
                {
                    "iconSrc": "自提",
                    "iconTip": "我们提供多种自提服务，包括京东自提点、自助提货柜、京东校园派、京东星配站、京东便民站等服务",
                    "helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
                    "iconCode": "special_ziti",
                    "resultCode": 1,
                    "showName": "自提",
                    "picUrl": "//static.360buyimg.com/item/assets/picon/shoutixiang.png",
                    "iconType": 0,
                    "iconServiceType": 5
                }
            ],
            "promiseYX": {
                "iconSrc": "7天无理由退货",
                "iconTip": "支持7天无理由退货",
                "helpLink": "http://help.jd.com/user/issue/126-3780.html",
                "iconCode": "service_qitiantuihuo",
                "resultCode": 1,
                "showName": "7天无理由退货",
                "picUrl": "",
                "iconType": 0,
                "iconServiceType": 3
            },
            "self_D": {
                "venderId": 1000085871,
                "colType": 0,
                "shopId": 1000085871,
                "shopName": "zippo京东自营旗舰店",
                "vender": "zippo京东自营旗舰店",
                "hotLine": "",
                "shopWebsite": "http://zippo.jd.com",
                "po": true,
                "url": "//zippo.jd.com"
            },
            "serviceInfo": "由京东发货,< ahref=zippo.jd.comclstag=shangpin|keycount|product|bbtnclass=hl_red >zippo京东自营旗舰店< /a >提供售后服务",
            "sid": 182,
            "preStore": -1,
            "unifiedServiceTag": {
                "enable": true,
                "freightIconCodes": [
                    "free_delivery",
                    "free_delivery_zhong",
                    "free_delivery_fresh",
                    "free_delivery_fresh_zhong",
                    "Free_nbaoyou",
                    "Free_nsxbaoyou",
                    "free_baoyou",
                    "free_sxbaoyou"
                ],
                "iconServiceTypes": [
                    "1",
                    "5",
                    "6"
                ],
                "tsfw": [
                    {
                        "code": "s26",
                        "desc": "在下单或签收7天内，商品出现降价可享受价保服务（商品在消费者下单后因参与百亿补贴、政府补贴等活动导致降价不支持价保），可点击“>”了解详细规则",
                        "helpUrl": "https://ihelp.jd.com/l/help/scene/getSceneDetail?id=337318",
                        "logoUrl": "//m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/166785/27/4308/10074/60113548Ea9bb7dbb/be0bac01dccf5f52.png",
                        "name": "7天价保",
                        "shortDesc": "7天内买贵退差价",
                        "iHelpLink": "https://ihelp.jd.com/l/help/scene/getSceneDetail?id=325798",
                        "ihelpLink": "https://ihelp.jd.com/l/help/scene/getSceneDetail?id=325798",
                        "mimgUrl": "//m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/222474/40/8926/4033/61de8162E9b3a5a0c/b11a4cc5342015b0.png",
                        "mimgUrl2": "//m.360buyimg.com/lme/jfs/t1/222228/21/20461/3101/63048db5Ef37ece2e/83f0be5658b2f25b.png"
                    },
                    {
                        "code": "s141",
                        "desc": "由京东指定供应商提供售后服务",
                        "name": "供应商售后",
                        "shortDesc": "京东指定供应商售后"

python

运行

def parse_product_data(raw_data):
    try:
        return {
            "product_name": raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("wareName", ""),
            "current_price": float(raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("jdPrice", 0)),
            "original_price": float(raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("marketPrice", 0)),
            "stock": int(raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("stockNum", 0)),
            "brand": raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("brandName", "")
        }
    except KeyError as e:
        print(f"字段缺失: {e}")
        return {}


# 示例调用
raw_response = {...}  # API返回数据
parsed_data = parse_product_data(raw_response)

最惊险的一次，帮客户开发商品比价系统时，突然遇到京东接口升级，原本正常的 “商品副标题” 字段被替换成了 “shortTitle”。由于没有做字段兼容性处理，导致前端页面大量数据缺失。吃一堑长一智，后来每次调用 API 都会写版本兼容函数，动态适配字段变化：

python

运行

def adapt_data_fields(data):
    if "wareName" in data.get("wareInfo", {}):
        data["wareInfo"]["product_title"] = data["wareInfo"].pop("wareName")
    if "jdPrice" in data.get("wareInfo", {}):
        data["wareInfo"]["current_price"] = data["wareInfo"].pop("jdPrice")
    return data


# 示例调用
adapted_data = adapt_data_fields(raw_response)

这些年踩过的坑、写过的代码，都成了宝贵的经验。如果有遇到其他问题都可以一起交流！

审核编辑黄宇

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