在Linux中如何使用shell批量修改文件名

1、通过sed替换

［root@node01 wolf］# find / -type f -name wolf.log

/wolf.log

/tmp/wolf.log

/root/wolf/wolf.log

［root@node01 wolf］# sed -i ‘s#wolf#yujing#g’ find / -type f -name wolf.log

［root@node01 wolf］# find / -type f -name “wolf.log” | xargs cat

yujing

yujing

yujing

［root@node01 wolf］#

2、通过变量子串替换

vi laolang.log

wolf_20170806_1_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_2_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_3_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_4_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_5_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_6_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_7_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_8_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_9_wolf.jpg

wolf_20170806_10_wolf.jpg

［root@node01 data］# touch cat laolang.log |tr “

” “ ”

［root@node01 data］# ll

total 8316

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 8 07:24 apache-maven-3.3.9

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8491533 Jul 8 07:23 apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 cat

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 06:00 day1

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 11:50 day2

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 14:12 day3

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 251 Jul 29 14:16 laolang.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_10_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_1_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_2_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_3_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_4_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_5_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_6_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_7_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_8_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_9_wolf.jpg

［root@node01 data］# f=wolf_20170806_10_wolf.jpg

［root@node01 data］# echo $f

wolf_20170806_10_wolf.jpg

［root@node01 data］# echo ${f%wolf*.jpg}

wolf_20170806_10_

［root@node01 data］# mv $f echo ${f%wolf*.jpg}.jpg

［root@node01 data］# ll

total 8316

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 8 07:24 apache-maven-3.3.9

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8491533 Jul 8 07:23 apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 cat

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 06:00 day1

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 11:50 day2

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 14:12 day3

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 251 Jul 29 14:16 laolang.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_10_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_1_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_2_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_3_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_4_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_5_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_6_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_7_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_8_wolf.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_9_wolf.jpg

［root@node01 data］# for f in ls *wolf.jpg ;do mv $f echo ${f%wolf*.jpg}.jpg;done

［root@node01 data］# ll

total 8316

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 8 07:24 apache-maven-3.3.9

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8491533 Jul 8 07:23 apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 cat

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 06:00 day1

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 11:50 day2

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 14:12 day3

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 251 Jul 29 14:16 laolang.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_10_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_1_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_2_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_3_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_4_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_5_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_6_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_7_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_8_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_9_.jpg

3、修改扩展名

把上面的jpg更换为log

［root@node01 data］# f=wolf_20170806_10_.jpg

［root@node01 data］# echo ${f/%jpg/log}

wolf_20170806_10_.log

［root@node01 data］# mv $f ${f/%jpg/log}

［root@node01 data］# ls

apache-maven-3.3.9 day1 laolang.log wolf_20170806_2_.jpg wolf_20170806_5_.jpg wolf_20170806_8_.jpg

apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz day2 wolf_20170806_10_.log wolf_20170806_3_.jpg wolf_20170806_6_.jpg wolf_20170806_9_.jpg

cat day3 wolf_20170806_1_.jpg wolf_20170806_4_.jpg wolf_20170806_7_.jpg

［root@node01 data］# ll

total 8316

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 8 07:24 apache-maven-3.3.9

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8491533 Jul 8 07:23 apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 cat

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 06:00 day1

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 11:50 day2

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 14:12 day3

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 251 Jul 29 14:16 laolang.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_10_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_1_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_2_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_3_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_4_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_5_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_6_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_7_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_8_.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_9_.jpg

［root@node01 data］# for f in ls *.jpg ;do mv $f ${f/%jpg/log} ;done

［root@node01 data］# ll

total 8316

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 8 07:24 apache-maven-3.3.9

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8491533 Jul 8 07:23 apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 cat

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 06:00 day1

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 11:50 day2

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 14:12 day3

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 251 Jul 29 14:16 laolang.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_10_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_1_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_2_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_3_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_4_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_5_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_6_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_7_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_8_.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 29 14:16 wolf_20170806_9_.log

责任编辑：haq