由有限多个传感器测点诊断结构破损位置的试验研究

提出了结构动态试验传感器测点位置的优化方法, 发展了基于有限多个传感器测点信息的结构破损定位方法。该方法以结构各自由度的破损信息为条件, 通过优化方法从结构的全部自由度中去掉那些所含结构破损信息很少的自由度, 得到了有限个传感器测点的数目和位置, 并且运用灵敏度分析和相关性分析方法,建立了直接利用不完整的实测模态振型诊断结构破损位置的破损定位方法, 解决了测试振型不完整给结构破损诊断带来的困难。空间桁架结构破损诊断的实验研究表明, 该方法能成功地诊断出结构单个或多个破损的位置。
关键词: 破损诊断; 振动; 模态分析; 系统识别; 测点优化
Abstract: A method of op t im izing senso r p lacement in the st ructural dynam ic test and localizing st ructural damage from lim ited senso r info rmat ion in a st ructure is p resented in th is paper. The senso r p lacements are op t im ized acco rding to the ability of co llect ing st ructural damage info rmat ion fo r each degree of freedom (DO F) of the st ructure. O nly a lim ited number of st ructuralDO F including p lent iful damage info rmat ion are inst rumented. Incomp lete mode shapes yielded from these lim ited senso r p lacements are direct ly used to lo2 calize st ructural damage so that the incomp leteness of experimentalmode shape to block the development of st ructural damage detect ion is so lved. Experimental research show s that the p ropo sedmethod can be success2 fully used to localize single o r mult ip le damages on the th ree2dimension t russ st ructure.
Key words: damage detect ion; vibrat ion; modal analysis; system ident ificat ion; op t imal senso r p lacement