铝合金交流钨极氩弧焊熔池图像传感方法

为了采用图像处理与模式识别的方法对铝合金的焊接质量进行智能控制, 必须获取铝合
金焊接熔池的清晰图像, 然后提取焊接熔池的信息. 在对铝合金焊接光谱分析的基础上, 以焊接电弧光中的连续光谱作为光源, 采用宽带滤波方法设计的全新的光学图像传感器, 利用普通工业CCD 摄像机获得了画面清晰、质量稳定的铝合金焊接熔池区域图像. 针对所获得的铝合金焊接熔池图像中干扰分配的不均衡性, 采用新型分区滤波图像预处理算法, 得到了铝合金焊接熔池的理想特征参数. 该算法具有抗干扰强、速度快的特点, 对提高铝合金的焊接质量具有重要意义.
关键词: 铝合金; 交流钨极氩弧焊; 光谱分析; 图像传感
Abs tra c t: In o rder to con t ro l the quality of w elding by im age p rocessing and pat tern recogn it ion, the clear im age of the w elding poo l of alum inum alloy and the info rm at ion of the w elding poo lm u st be ob tained. A comp letely new op t ical sen so r is designed by the analysis to the ligh t spect rum of w elding of alum inum al2 loy w h ich is on the b road band f iltering and the w elding arc ligh t is u sed as resou rce du ring the wo rk. It great ly reduces the no ise f rom the discon t inuou s spect rum in the arc and adap t s to the seriou sly f luctuat ing w elding cu rren t du ring the p rocess and ob tain s the clear im ages of the w elding poo l u sing common indu st ri2 al CCD cam era. In view of these th ings that no ise dist ribu t ion is no t even in the alum inum alloy’s w elding poo l im age, a p ret reatm en t arithm et ic nam ed subarea2f ilter is app lied in the im ages p roceeding. W ith the new algo rithm , the desirab le characterist ic param eters of the w elding poo l of alum inum alloy’s AC tung2
sten inert gasesw elding are ob tained. The arithm et ic’s an t i2in terference ab ility is h igh and operat ion speed is qu ick.
Ke y w o rds: alum inum alloy; AC tungsten inert gases w elding; spect ral analysis; im age sen sing