全承载式大客车车身结构多目标优化

建立了全承载式大客车车身骨架的有限元模型，对车身骨架结构进行了振动模态和静力学分析。然后对车身骨架结构进行设计参数灵敏度分析，得出车身骨架扭转刚度和一阶扭转频率对各部件设计参数的灵敏度。在此基础上，以车身骨架杆件厚度为设计变量，通过两阶段结构优化设计，在整车骨架质量增加很少的条件下，提高了整车结构的扭转刚度和一阶扭转频率值;同时，一轮悬空工况下的整车结构应力峰值明显下降，应力分布更加均匀，整车骨架结构设计更为合理。
关键词:大客车;车身结构;有限元分析;优化设计
[A bst rac t]Afiniteelementmodelforthebodyframeofintegralbusisbuiltandthevibartionmodalanalysis
andstaticanalysisare PerfOrmedonbodyframestructure.Thenlhesensitivitiesoftorsionalstifnessandfirst一order
torsionalvibrationfrequeneytodesi，paramete邝ofbodyframeare obtainedbysensitivityanalysis.onthisbasis
twostagesofoptimizationdesi，are performedwiththesectionsizesofframebarsasdesignvariabIes.Asaresult，
thetorsionalstifnessandl吐ordertorsionalvibrationfrequencyareraisedwithonlysIightincreaseinframemass，In
addition，thepeakstressofthewholebodystructureintheconditionofonefrontwheelsuspendedis脚atlyreduced
withevenerstressdistributionandthedesignofwholebodyframestructuretendstobemorerational.
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