电气化铁道谐波抑制研究

针对电气化铁道牵引供电系统的特点，论述了电气化铁道谐波对电力系统造成的危
害和牵引供电系统进行谐波抑制的必要性。为了实现对电气化铁道谐波的实时检测和补偿,该文提出了一种用于有源电力滤波器任意指定次谐波的检测方法。这种有源电力滤波器由选择性谐波检测环节和电流控制环节组成。为了补偿数字控制器和逆变器带来的延时，在检测环节中加入了延迟时间补偿角。电流闭环控制使得实际补偿电流精确地跟踪检测出的谐波指令电流。利用MATLAB提供的SIMULINK 仿真平台对该方案进行了仿真，仿真结果表明所提出的电气化铁道谐波补偿方案有明显的效果，这对于提高牵引变电站的供电可靠性和电气化铁道的安全可靠运行起到了非常重要的作用。
关键词：电气化铁道；交通安全；谐波污染；电能质量
Abstract: This thesis explores the harm to the power system done by electric railway and the
necessity of restraining harmonic of traction power supply system aiming at its characteristic. In order to detect and compensate for harmonic waves at real time, this thesis provides a selective harmonic detection method for active power filters. It is made up of selective harmonic detecting circuit and current controlling circuit. In order to compensate the time lag brought by digital controllers and inverters, an offset angle is added to the detecting circuit. The actual compensating current will track the detected harmonic instruction accurately because of closed-loop control.
After being simulated by simulating platform SIMULINK provided by MATLAB, it shows that
the harmonic compensating plan of electric railway is apparently effective, and it plays an
important role in enhancing the reliability of transformer station and the operating security of
electric railway.
Key words: electric railway; traffic security; harmonics pollution; power quality