毫米尺度能量采集传感器

　　毫米尺度能量采集传感器

　　本文介绍了利用环境能量采集装置自主研制毫米波智能传感器的几种新概念。利用传感器周围的能量可以提供产品供电的寿命。能量收集技术被用于大规模应用，如太阳能面板安装和风电场。但是，能量收集也可用于极小型设备，如本文所演示的那样。光被转换成电能，储存在可充电的固态电池中并传递给传感器系统。没有传统的电池可以更换，设备可以放在任何地方。

　　本文是基于2011年提出的传感器，一立方毫米的能源自主无线眼内压力监测。

　　作者：Gregory Chen，Hassan Ghaed，Razi ul Haque，Michael Wieckowski，Yejoong Kim，Gyouho Kim，David Fick，Daeyeon Kim，Mingoo Seok，Kensall Wise，David Blaauw，来自密歇根大学，安娜堡Dennis Sylvester，米河

　　This University of Michigan ISSCC paper describes an Intra-Ocular Pressure Monitor （IOPM） device that is implanted in the eye of a glaucoma patient. The most suitable implantation location is the anterior chamber of the eye， which is surgically accessible and out of the field of vision. The IOPM volume is limited to 1.5 cubic millimeters. This aggressive IOPM size constraint creates major challenges for achieving high-resolution capacitance measurements， wireless communication， and multi-year device lifetime. Little energy can be stored on the tiny IOPM system， calling for ultra-low power operation and energy harvesting. The required millimeter antennas or inductors result in lower received power and higher transmission frequency， both increasing micro-system power. The IOPM harvests solar energy that enters the eye through the transparent cornea to achieve energy autonomy. The IOPM contains an integrated solar cell， EnerChip™ thin-film Li battery， MEMS capacitive sensor， and integrated circuits vertically assembled in a biocompatible glass housing as shown in Figure 1. The circuits include a wireless transceiver， capacitance to digital converter （CDC）， DC-DC switched capacitor network （SCN）， microcontroller （μP）， and memory fabricated in 0.18 μm CMOS.