霍尔效应传感为智能电网提供电流测量

　　霍尔效应传感为智能电网提供电流测量

　　智能电网的高效运行依赖于在高分辨率测量电流水平和其他参数的能力。智能电网应用的另一个关键特征是增加了小型可再生能源的使用。这些系统要求使用逆变器转换的太阳能或风源捕获的电力与电网分布兼容的交流信号。在控制回路中需要电流传感器以确保满足这些条件。本文着眼于霍尔效应电流传感技术，以及它如何可以应用到智能电网。

　　智能电网依赖于精确的实时数据，以确保设备，控制电力输送，并与电网接口，保持在峰值效率运行。网格上的传感器捕获的数据可以发现潜在的故障点形成和提醒运营商的问题或激活功能，可以执行补救行动。这是导致电源分配单元（PDU）安装执行输出功率的精确测量及其特点。

　　A key additional feature of smart-grid applications is the increased use of small-scale renewables. These systems demand the use of inverters to convert the electricity captured from solar or wind sources to an AC signal compatible with grid distribution. The AC must be synchronized to the grid and have low harmonic distortion but this can be challenging to achieve.

　　In the case of photovoltaics， an inverter is required to convert the DC generated by each of the cells to a suitable AC power output. Electrical current sensors are needed for the inverter’s control loop in order to ensure proper connection to the grid. The sensors must accurately measure both AC and DC currents and have good dynamic performances. Very fast response time is required to react quickly to any change in the grid and shut off or disconnect the system before damage occurs. A high output bandwidth enables the system to measure high frequency AC currents and harmonics in order to ensure that the delivered power meets the stringent targets for power quality imposed by the electricity suppliers.